An antenna is a device used to receive and transmit radio signals. According to different uses and working principles, antennas can be divided into many types:
1. Short antennas: Short antennas are commonly used in radio communication equipment, such as mobile phones and radio walkie-talkies. The short antenna is small and lightweight, which is suitable for transmitting data or making voice calls over short distances.
2. Long antenna: Compared with short antenna, long antenna has a larger size. These antennas are commonly used for radio and television retransmission to provide wide area coverage.
3. Outdoor antenna: As its name suggests, outdoor antennas are installed outdoors and are usually connected to indoor devices by cable. These antennas are commonly used to receive radio signals, such as satellite TV receivers and radio base stations.
4. Indoor antennas: Indoor antennas are suitable for small range wireless communication, such as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. These antennas are usually small and easy to install indoors.
5. Flat antenna: This antenna is usually used for wireless communication and remote control equipment, such as vehicle remote control and remote control aircraft. Flat antennas are small in size and can be easily embedded in electronic devices.
The frequency range of the antenna depends on the application used. Different wireless technologies and applications require different frequency ranges. Below are several common wireless communication technologies and their frequency ranges:
1. Wireless Local Area Network (Wi-Fi) : 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz.
2. Mobile communication: The usual frequency range is 700 MHz to 2.6 GHz, depending on different mobile communication standards (such as 3G, 4G and 5G).
3. Radio broadcasting: FM broadcasting frequency range is 88-108 MHz, AM broadcasting frequency range is 530-1700 kHz.
4. Satellite communications: Satellite television and satellite telephone communications use frequencies in the range of 11 GHz to 14 GHz.
There are many ways to measure the antenna signal strength, the following are several common methods:
1. Quality Indicator (RSSI) : This is a common indicator used to measure the signal strength of an antenna. RSSI is usually expressed in the power level (dBm) of the signal and can be measured and provide reference values on many wireless devices.
2. Radio spectrum analyzer: The spectrum analyzer can display the energy distribution of wireless signals at different frequencies. By looking at the spectrum diagram, you can roughly understand the strength of the signal received by the antenna.
3. Signal strength indicator: Some devices (such as mobile phones and tuners) are equipped with signal strength indicators, which can show the strength of the signal by displaying a bar chart or signal icon.
4. Radio receiver: The radio receiver can hear the received signal, and judge the strength of the signal by the clarity of the signal and the audio quality.
5. Network modems: Network modems typically provide information about the strength of the received signal, which can be viewed through a web interface or device management software.
In summary, the antenna includes short antenna, long antenna, indoor antenna, outdoor antenna and plane antenna and other types. The frequency range depends on the application used, such as Wi-Fi communications, mobile communications, radio broadcasting and satellite communications. Methods for measuring antenna signal strength include quality indicators, radio spectrum analyzers, signal strength indicators, radio receivers and network modems.
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