5G operates across a wide spectrum of bandwidth and supports a varied number of use cases. This wide spectrum will allow wireless carriers to conceptualize a large number of deployment options to suit their needs. 5G will operate in two frequency ranges – Frequency Range 1 (FR 1- 410MHZ to 7.1 GHz) and Frequency Range 2 (FR2 -24.25Ghz – 52.6 GHz). Deployment options for wireless carriers can range from Macro Cells (for coverage) to small cells (for capacity).
Wireless carriers will consider capacity, coverage, mobility, and spectrum availability to decide their deployment strategies to determine whether they will go for Macro and Small cells. Let us now understand the definitions of Macro Cell and Small Cell.
Macro Cell: Macro Cell typically provides coverage to a large geographic area. They are typically installed on rooftops, poles, and in some instances, on Ground-Based Towers. The major advantage of using Macrocell in 5G is that it can provide 5G services to a large geographic area. 5G macro cells also use Massive MIMO technology, which allows large transmission and reception of data.
Small Cell: Small Cell has been used to deploy legacy technologies like 3G and 4G and would play a more important role in 5G deployment. It will empower wireless carriers to deploy cell sites in strategic locations and offer higher capacities in the small coverage area.
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