1. Part dB
dB (decibel) : The decibel is a logarithmic unit used to compare the relative magnitude between two physical quantities. In the field of signal processing and communication, decibels are commonly used to represent the gain, attenuation, loss or power ratio of a signal. For example, an amplifier with a gain of 20 dB means that the output power of the amplifier is 100 times the input power.
Power: 10log(A power/B power)
Voltage: 20log(A voltage/B voltage)
Why is the voltage coefficient 20 and the power coefficient 10? For logarithmic reasons, f (u^2) =P, f is a function expression, power is a function of voltage.
2. Part dBi
dBi (decibel gain) : dBi is a relative unit of antenna gain. It represents the gain of the antenna in a particular direction compared to an ideal point source (omnidirectional radiation). For example, an antenna with a gain of 6 dBi indicates that it radiates 6 times more power in a particular direction than an equivalent non-directional antenna.
A more standard definition: in the case of equal input power, antenna gain refers to the ratio of the power density of the actual antenna and the omnidirectional antenna at the same point in space. Describes the degree to which the antenna concentrates power and is therefore closely related to the antenna pattern. Generally speaking, the narrower the main lobe and the smaller the secondary lobe of the antenna pattern, the higher the gain.
Note: The antenna gain of 10dBi does not mean that the antenna can amplify the power of the signal by 10 times, but means that by controlling the Angle of the signal transmission, the power is concentrated in a certain direction. An antenna is a passive device.
3. Part dBc
dBc (Decibels relative to carrier) : dBc is a representation of power relative to the carrier (or center frequency). It represents the ratio between signal power and carrier power. Relative magnitude values such as frequency/intermodulation/cross bar/out-of-band interference or spurious. For example, -30 dBc indicates that the signal power is 1/1000 of the carrier power.
4. Part dBm
dBm (decibels milliwatts) : dBm is a unit of power used to express a level of power relative to 1 milliwatt (mW). For example, 0 dBm represents a power level equal to 1 milliwatt of power.
The calculation formula is: 10lg (power value /1mw)
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